"""Energy system examples"""
from ...components.commodities.currency import Currency
from ...components.commodities.material import Material
from ...components.commodities.resource import Resource
from ...components.impact.categories import Environ
from ...components.measure.unit import Unit
from ...components.operations.process import Process
from ...components.operations.storage import Storage
from ...components.spatial.location import Location
from ...components.temporal.periods import Periods
from ...components.temporal.scales import TemporalScales
from ...represent.model import Model
[docs]
def scheduling():
"""A small scheduling example"""
m = Model("scheduling")
m.q = Periods()
m.y = 4 * m.q
m.usd = Currency()
m.wind, m.power = Resource(), Resource()
_ = m.wind.consume <= 400
_ = m.power.release.prep(100) >= [0.6, 0.7, 1, 0.3]
m.wf = Process()
_ = m.wf(m.power) == -1 * m.wind
_ = m.wf.operate.prep(200, norm=False) <= [0.9, 0.8, 0.5, 0.7]
_ = m.usd.spend(m.wf.operate) == [4000, 4200, 4300, 3900]
m.network.locate(m.wf)
return m
[docs]
def scheduling_w_attrs():
"""A small scheduling example with attributes"""
m = Model("scheduling")
m.q = Periods()
m.y = 4 * m.q
m.usd = Currency()
m.wind = Resource(consume_max=400)
m.power = Resource(demand_nominal=100, demand=[0.6, 0.7, 1, 0.3])
m.wf = Process(
m.power == -1 * m.wind,
operate_nominal=200,
operate_normalize=False,
operate_max=[0.9, 0.8, 0.5, 0.7],
opex=[4000, 4200, 4300, 3900],
)
m.network.locate(m.wf)
return m
[docs]
def scheduling_wo_time():
"""A small scheduling example with attributes"""
m = Model("scheduling")
# m.q = Periods()
# m.y = 4 * m.q
m.usd = Currency()
# TODO: does not work if order changed
m.wind = Resource(consume_max=400)
m.power = Resource(demand_nominal=100, demand_min=[0.6, 0.7, 1, 0.3])
# TODO:
m.wf = Process(
m.power == -1 * m.wind,
operate_nominal=200,
operate_normalize=False,
operate_max=[0.9, 0.8, 0.5, 0.7],
opex=[4000, 4200, 4300, 3900],
)
m.network.locate(m.wf)
# TODO: solution error
return m
[docs]
def design_scheduling_w_gattr():
"""A small design and scheduling example"""
m = Model("design_scheduling")
m.q = Periods()
m.y = 4 * m.q
m.usd = Currency()
m.declare(Resource, ["power", "wind", "solar"])
_ = m.solar.consume(m.q) <= 100
_ = m.wind.consume <= 400
_ = m.power.release.prep(180) >= [0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.3]
m.wf = Process()
_ = m.wf(m.power) == -1 * m.wind
_ = m.wf.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.wf.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.wf.operate.prep(norm=True) <= [0.9, 0.8, 0.5, 0.7]
_ = m.wf.capacity[m.usd.spend] == 990637 + 3354
_ = m.wf.operate[m.usd.spend] == 49
m.pv = Process()
_ = m.pv(m.power) == -1 * m.solar
_ = m.pv.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.pv.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.pv.operate.prep(norm=True) <= [0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.7]
_ = m.pv.capacity[m.usd.spend] == 567000 + 872046
_ = m.pv.operate[m.usd.spend] == 90000
m.lii = Storage()
_ = m.lii(m.power) == 0.9
_ = m.lii.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.lii.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.lii.capacity[m.usd.spend] == 1302182 + 41432
_ = m.lii.inventory[m.usd.spend] == 2000
m.network.locate(m.wf, m.pv, m.lii)
return m
[docs]
def design_scheduling():
"""
A small design and scheduling example
with functions for calculations instead of getattr
"""
m = Model("design_scheduling")
m.q = Periods()
m.y = 4 * m.q
m.usd = Currency()
m.declare(Resource, ["power", "wind", "solar"])
_ = m.solar.consume(m.q) <= 100
_ = m.wind.consume <= 400
_ = m.power.release.prep(180) >= [0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.3]
m.wf = Process(m.power == -1 * m.wind)
_ = m.wf.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.wf.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.wf.operate.prep(norm=True) <= [0.9, 0.8, 0.5, 0.7]
_ = m.usd.spend(m.wf.capacity) == 990637 + 3354
_ = m.usd.spend(m.wf.operate) == 49
m.pv = Process(m.power == -1 * m.solar)
_ = m.pv.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.pv.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.pv.operate.prep(norm=True) <= [0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.7]
_ = m.usd.spend(m.pv.capacity) == 567000 + 872046
_ = m.usd.spend(m.pv.operate) == 90000
m.lii = Storage(m.power == 0.9)
_ = m.lii.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.lii.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.usd.spend(m.lii.capacity) == 1302182 + 41432
_ = m.usd.spend(m.lii.inventory) == 2000
m.network.locate(m.wf, m.pv, m.lii)
return m
[docs]
def design_scheduling_w_attrs():
"""A small design and scheduling example with attributes"""
m = Model()
m.q = Periods()
m.y = 4 * m.q
m.usd = Currency()
m.solar = Resource(consume_max=[100] * 4)
m.wind = Resource(consume_max=100 * 4)
m.power = Resource(demand_nominal=180, demand_min=[0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.3])
m.wf = Process(
m.power == -1.0 * m.wind,
capacity_max=100,
capacity_min=10,
capacity_optional=True,
operate_normalize=True,
operate_max=[0.9, 0.8, 0.5, 0.7],
capex=990637 + 3354,
opex=49,
)
m.pv = Process(
m.power == -1 * m.solar,
capacity_max=100,
capacity_min=10,
capacity_report=True,
operate_normalize=True,
operate_max=[0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.7],
capex=567000 + 872046,
opex=90000,
)
m.lii = Storage(
m.power == 0.9,
capacity_max=100,
capacity_min=10,
capacity_optional=True,
capex=1302182 + 41432,
inventory_cost=2000,
)
m.locate(m.wf, m.pv, m.lii)
return m
[docs]
def design_scheduling_material():
m = Model("design_scheduling_material")
m.q = Periods()
m.y = 4 * m.q
m.usd = Currency()
m.declare(Resource, ['power', 'wind', 'solar'])
_ = m.solar.consume(m.q) <= 100
_ = m.wind.consume <= 400
_ = m.power.release.prep(180) >= [0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.3]
m.wf = Process()
_ = m.wf(m.power) == -1 * m.wind
_ = m.wf.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.wf.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.wf.operate.prep(norm=True) <= [0.9, 0.8, 0.5, 0.7]
_ = m.usd.spend(m.wf.capacity) == 990637 + 3354
_ = m.usd.spend(m.wf.operate) == 49
m.pv = Process()
_ = m.pv(m.power) == -1 * m.solar
_ = m.pv.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.pv.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.pv.operate.prep(norm=True) <= [0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.7]
_ = m.usd.spend(m.pv.capacity) == 567000 + 872046
_ = m.usd.spend(m.pv.operate) == 90000
m.lii = Storage()
_ = m.lii(m.power) == 0.9
_ = m.lii.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.lii.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.usd.spend(m.lii.capacity) == 1302182 + 41432
_ = m.usd.spend(m.lii.inventory) == 2000
m.cement = Material()
_ = m.cement.consume <= 1000000
_ = m.usd.spend(m.cement.consume) == 17
_ = m.cement.use(m.wf.capacity) == 400
_ = m.cement.use(m.pv.capacity) == 560
_ = m.cement.use(m.lii.capacity) == 300
m.gwp = Environ()
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.wf.capacity) == 1000
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.pv.capacity) == 2000
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.lii.capacity) == 3000
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.cement.consume) == 0.9
m.network.locate(m.wf, m.pv, m.lii)
return m
[docs]
def design_scheduling_material_modes():
"""Design and scheduling considering materials and emissions from them"""
m = Model("design_scheduling")
m.scales = TemporalScales([1, 4], ["y", "q"])
m.usd = Currency()
m.gwp = Environ()
m.declare(
Material,
[
"lir",
"lib",
"steel",
"concrete",
"glass",
"si_mono",
"si_poly",
],
)
m.declare(Resource, ["power", "wind", "solar"])
_ = m.solar.consume >= 0
_ = m.wind.consume >= 0
_ = m.power.release.prep(180) >= [0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.3]
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.lir.consume) == 9600
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.lib.consume) == 2800
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.steel.consume) == 2121.152427
_ = m.usd.spend(m.steel.consume) == 670
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.concrete.consume) == 120.0378
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.glass.consume) == 1118.5
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.si_mono.consume) == 122239.1
_ = m.gwp.emit(m.si_poly.consume) == 98646.7
# _ = m.lir.consume[m.gwp.emit] == 9600
# _ = m.lib.consume[m.gwp.emit] == 2800
# _ = m.steel.consume[m.gwp.emit] == 2121.152427
# _ = m.steel.consume[m.usd.spend] == 670
# _ = m.concrete.consume[m.gwp.emit] == 120.0378
# _ = m.glass.consume[m.gwp.emit] == 1118.5
# _ = m.si_mono.consume[m.gwp.emit] == 122239.1
# _ = m.si_poly.consume[m.gwp.emit] == 98646.7
m.wf = Process()
_ = m.wf.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.wf.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.wf.operate.prep(norm=True) <= [0.9, 0.8, 0.5, 0.7]
_ = m.wf.construction == [
-109.9 * m.steel - 398.7 * m.concrete,
-249.605 * m.steel - 12.4 * m.concrete,
]
_ = m.wf(m.power) == {
m.wf.construction.modes[0]: -2.857 * m.wind,
m.wf.construction.modes[1]: -2.3255 * m.wind,
}
_ = m.usd.spend(m.wf.capacity, m.wf.construction.modes) == [
1292000 + 29200,
3192734 + 101498,
]
_ = m.usd.spend(m.wf.operate) == 49
m.pv = Process()
_ = m.pv.construction == [
-70 * m.glass - 7 * m.si_mono,
-70 * m.glass - 7 * m.si_poly,
]
_ = m.pv(m.power) == {
m.pv.construction.modes[0]: -5 * m.solar,
m.pv.construction.modes[1]: -6.67 * m.solar,
}
_ = m.pv.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.pv.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.pv.operate.prep(norm=True) <= [0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 0.7]
_ = m.usd.spend(m.pv.capacity) == 567000 + 872046
_ = m.usd.spend(m.pv.operate) == 90000
m.lii = Storage()
_ = m.lii(m.power) == 0.9
_ = m.lii.construction == [
-0.137 * m.lib - 1.165 * m.steel,
-0.137 * m.lir - 1.165 * m.steel,
]
_ = m.lii.capacity.x <= 100
_ = m.lii.capacity.x >= 10
_ = m.usd.spend(m.lii.capacity) == 1302182 + 41432
_ = m.usd.spend(m.lii.inventory) == 2000
m.network.locate(m.wf, m.pv, m.lii)
return m
[docs]
def supermarket():
"""A supermarket energy system example
Optimize for cost:
m.usd.spend.opt()
Optimize for CO2 emissions:
m.co2_vent.release.opt()
Maximize efficiency:
m._.lb(sum(m._.consume))
"""
resource_demand_dict = {
"Lighting": 200,
"Refrigeration": 1000,
"Space Heating": 100,
}
resource_dict = {
"Price": {"Natural Gas": 8.89, "Biomass": 9.72, "Grid Electricity": 36.11},
"CO2 Generation": {"Natural Gas": 56, "Biomass": 100, "Grid Electricity": 90},
}
generation_process_dict = {
"Biomass ST": {
"nE": 68,
"nH": 0,
"LB": 100,
"UB": 10**6,
"Capex": 250,
"Opex": 15,
},
"Natural Gas CHP": {
"nE": 44,
"nH": 28,
"LB": 800,
"UB": 10**6,
"Capex": 500,
"Opex": 15,
},
"Solar PV": {"nE": 9, "nH": 0, "LB": 10, "UB": 300, "Capex": 2000, "Opex": 500},
"Wind Farm": {
"nE": 22,
"nH": 0,
"LB": 10,
"UB": 500,
"Capex": 2000,
"Opex": 1200,
},
}
consumption_process_dict = {
"Refrigeration": {"Efficiency": 300, "Capex": 80, "Opex": 85},
"LED": {"Efficiency": 70, "Capex": 10, "Opex": 30},
"Heating": {"Efficiency": 4, "Capex": 1, "Opex": 3},
}
m = Model("supermarket")
m.supermarket = Location()
m.GJ = Unit(label="Giga Joules")
m.PJ = 10**6 * m.GJ
m.kW = Unit(label="kilo Watts")
m.tons = Unit(label="US Tons")
# Resources can be declared along with thier attributes such as maximum allowed consumption, dischargeablity, base price, etc.
m.usd = Currency(label="$")
m.biomass = Resource(basis=m.GJ, label="Biomass")
_ = m.biomass.consume == True
_ = m.biomass.consume[m.usd.spend] == resource_dict["Price"]["Biomass"]
m.gridpower = Resource(basis=m.GJ, label="Grid Electricity")
_ = m.gridpower.consume == True
_ = m.gridpower.consume[m.usd.spend] == resource_dict["Price"]["Grid Electricity"]
m.ng = Resource(basis=m.GJ, label="Natural gas")
_ = m.ng.consume == True
_ = m.ng.consume[m.usd.spend] == resource_dict["Price"]["Natural Gas"]
m.power = Resource(basis=m.kW, label="Electrical Power")
m.heat = Resource(basis=m.kW, label="Heat Power")
_ = m.co2_vent = Resource(basis=m.tons, label="Carbon dioxide")
_ = m.co2_vent.release == True
m.solar = Resource(basis=m.GJ, label="Solar energy")
_ = m.solar.consume == True
_ = m.wind = Resource(basis=m.GJ, label="Wind energy")
_ = m.wind.consume == True
m.lighting = Resource(basis=m.kW, label="Lighting")
_ = m.lighting.release >= resource_demand_dict["Lighting"]
m.refrigeration = Resource(basis=m.kW, label="Refrigeration")
_ = m.refrigeration.release >= resource_demand_dict["Refrigeration"]
m.heating = Resource(basis=m.kW, label="Heating")
_ = m.heating.release >= resource_demand_dict["Space Heating"]
m.st = Process(label="Biomass ST")
_ = (
m.st(-m.biomass)
== (277.78 * generation_process_dict["Biomass ST"]["nE"] / 100) * m.power
+ m.co2_vent * resource_dict["CO2 Generation"]["Biomass"]
)
# using x sets a binary, making the setting up of the process optional
_ = m.st.capacity.x >= generation_process_dict["Biomass ST"]["LB"]
_ = m.st.capacity.x <= generation_process_dict["Biomass ST"]["UB"]
_ = (
m.st.capacity[m.usd.spend]
== generation_process_dict["Biomass ST"]["Capex"] * 0.05
)
_ = m.st.operate[m.usd.spend] == generation_process_dict["Biomass ST"]["Opex"]
m.chp = Process(label="Biomass ST")
_ = (
m.chp(-m.ng)
== (277.78 * generation_process_dict["Natural Gas CHP"]["nE"] / 100) * m.power
+ (277.78 * generation_process_dict["Natural Gas CHP"]["nH"] / 100) * m.heat
+ m.co2_vent * resource_dict["CO2 Generation"]["Natural Gas"]
)
# using x sets a binary, making the setting up of the process optional
_ = m.chp.capacity.x >= generation_process_dict["Natural Gas CHP"]["LB"]
_ = m.chp.capacity.x <= generation_process_dict["Natural Gas CHP"]["UB"]
_ = (
m.chp.capacity[m.usd.spend]
== generation_process_dict["Natural Gas CHP"]["Capex"] * 0.05
)
_ = m.chp.operate[m.usd.spend] == generation_process_dict["Natural Gas CHP"]["Opex"]
m.pv = Process(label="Solar PV")
_ = (
m.pv(-m.solar)
== (277.78 * generation_process_dict["Solar PV"]["nE"] / 100) * m.power
)
_ = m.pv.capacity.x <= generation_process_dict["Solar PV"]["UB"]
_ = m.pv.capacity.x >= generation_process_dict["Solar PV"]["LB"]
_ = (
m.pv.capacity[m.usd.spend]
== generation_process_dict["Solar PV"]["Capex"] * 0.05
)
_ = m.pv.operate[m.usd.spend] == generation_process_dict["Solar PV"]["Opex"]
m.wf = Process(label="Wind Farm")
_ = (
m.wf(-m.wind)
== (277.78 * generation_process_dict["Wind Farm"]["nE"] / 100) * m.power
)
_ = m.wf.capacity.x <= generation_process_dict["Wind Farm"]["UB"]
_ = m.wf.capacity.x >= generation_process_dict["Wind Farm"]["LB"]
_ = (
m.wf.capacity[m.usd.spend]
== generation_process_dict["Wind Farm"]["Capex"] * 0.05
)
_ = m.wf.operate[m.usd.spend] == generation_process_dict["Wind Farm"]["Opex"]
m.grid = Process(label="Grid Electricity")
_ = (
m.grid(-m.gridpower)
== 277.78 * m.power
+ m.co2_vent * resource_dict["CO2 Generation"]["Grid Electricity"]
)
_ = m.grid.capacity <= 10**5 # no binary needed because no upper bound
m.refrigerator = Process(label="Refrigerator")
_ = m.refrigerator.capacity <= 10**5
_ = (
m.refrigerator(-m.power)
== (consumption_process_dict["Refrigeration"]["Efficiency"] / 100)
* m.refrigeration
)
_ = (
m.refrigerator.capacity[m.usd.spend]
== consumption_process_dict["Refrigeration"]["Capex"] * 0.05
)
_ = (
m.refrigerator.operate[m.usd.spend]
== consumption_process_dict["Refrigeration"]["Opex"]
)
m.led = Process(label="LED")
_ = (
m.led(-m.power)
== (consumption_process_dict["LED"]["Efficiency"] / 100) * m.lighting
)
_ = m.led.capacity[m.usd.spend] == consumption_process_dict["LED"]["Capex"] * 0.05
_ = m.led.operate[m.usd.spend] == consumption_process_dict["LED"]["Opex"]
m.heater = Process(label="Heater")
_ = (
m.heater(-m.heat)
== (consumption_process_dict["Heating"]["Efficiency"] / 100) * m.heating
)
_ = (
m.heater.capacity[m.usd.spend]
== consumption_process_dict["Heating"]["Capex"] * 0.05
)
_ = m.heater.operate[m.usd.spend] == consumption_process_dict["Heating"]["Opex"]
# Locations serve as aggregations of scenarios
m.supermarket.locate(
m.st,
m.chp,
m.pv,
m.wf,
m.grid,
m.refrigerator,
m.led,
m.heater,
)
# Various constraints are need for the formulating the mathematical programming model. Here we include the cost, production, resource balance, demand, inventory, and network constraints.
return m
